maronite patriarch lebanon

In 685 AD, the Maronites appointed a Patriarch for themselves, St. John Maron, who became the first Patriarch on the Maronite Church. Cardinal Bechara Boutros Rai congratulated Prime Minister Najib Mikati, President Michel Aoun, and the new cabinet of 24 ministers in a social media post that wished the government success in carrying out reforms and improving the living conditions for all Lebanese people. In February, Lebanon's State Shura Council decide to reverse an order issued in December allowing Palestinian refugees to work in trade-union regulated professions, after complaints by the Maronite League that the order would encroach on the rights of Lebanese professionals and claims that the order was trying to pave the way for naturalizing Palestinian refugees. The leader of Lebanons Maronite Catholics has welcomed the formation of a new Lebanese government after 13 months of political stalemate. Lebanon-St. Peter Cathedral (Los Angeles), Our Lady of the Annunciation Cathedral, Ibadan, Basilica and National Shrine of Our Lady of Lebanon (North Jackson, Ohio), Congregation of the Lebanese Maronite Missionaries, Maronite Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Notre Dame des Secours, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maronites&oldid=1164146852, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, This page was last edited on 8 July 2023, at 03:14. The coastal cities of Tyre and Sidon remained prosperous during Roman rule, but Phoenicia had ceased to be the maritime empire it once was centuries ago and the north of Berytus (Beirut) and the mountains of Lebanon concentrated a big part of the intellectual and religious activities. Palestinian refugees in Lebanon find it extremely difficult to obtain annual work permits that they are required to obtain and often work for lower pay than their Lebanese colleagues. List of Maronite patriarchs of Antioch - Wikipedia Since the establishment of a fully independent Lebanon in 1943, they have constituted one of the major religious groups in the country. They cannot obtain citizenship. 3. [a][13] Cardinal al-Rahi is also the first Maronite Cardinal Patriarch ever to participate in a papal conclave. Al-Rahi was made a cardinal by Pope Benedict XVI in a consistory on 24 November 2012. [72], Phoenicianism is an identity on the part of Lebanese Christians that has developed into an integrated ideology led by key thinkers, but there are a few who have stood out more than others: Charles Corm, Michel Chiha, and Said Aql in their promotion of Phoenicianism. 2. People born into Christian families or clans who have either Aramaic or Maronite cultural heritage are considered an ethnicity separate from Israeli Arabs and since 2014 can register themselves as Arameans. This page was last edited on 16 February 2023, at 19:18. Maronite Patriarch renews call for Lebanese leadership to resolve Gulf The Maronite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch (in Latin: Patriarchatus Antiochenus Maronitarum) is the seat of the Patriarch of the Maronite Church. [31], In 451 AD, the Maronites followed the Council of Chalcedon, rejecting miaphysitisim and maintaining full communion with the then united Orthodox Catholic Church. Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Beirut (in Latin: Archeparchia Berytensis Maronitarum) is an archeparchial seat of the Maronite Church immediately subject to the Holy See in Lebanon. BBC staff (26 November 2014). After Maronite patriarch pressured, U.S. advocates express support It is currently ruled by Archeparch Paul Abdel Sater . Saint Maron sent Abraham of Cyrrhus, often referred to as the Apostle of Lebanon, to convert the still significant pagan population of Lebanon to Christianity. 5, p.89; vol. Lebanese Maronite patriarch calls for 'final solution' for Palestinian Patriarch Hobeish died on the 23rd of May 1845, and was buried in the church of Qannubeen. The Great Famine of Mount Lebanon, which occurred between 1915 and 1918, was caused by multiple factors; one was the Ottoman policy of acquiring all food products in the region to be used for the Ottoman army and administration, and barring food from being sent to the Maronite Christian population of Mount Lebanon, effectively condemning them to starvation. [57], Maronites first migrated to Cyprus in the 8th century, and there are approximately 5,800 Maronites on the island today, the vast majority in the Republic of Cyprus. BBC News (BBC). The Maronites raided the newly Arab towns after the conquest of 637 AD and were later joined by the Mardaites in repelling the Arab army. Very few Roman temples in Phoenicia were built in the coastal cities, hence the reason for the reign of paganism in the interior of the land. [90][41] The Maronite Patriarch is traditionally seated in Bkerke north of Beirut. The World Bank has described Lebanons financial situation as among the most severe crisis episodes globally since the mid-19th century.. [38], For the next 300 years, the Maronites raided and retreated within the region keeping their Christian faith. [93] It was suggested at the time that the starvation of the Maronites was an Ottoman policy aimed at destroying the Maronites, in keeping with the treatment of Armenians, Assyrians and Greeks.[94]. Antonios Bachaalany, a Maronite from Salima (Baabda district) was the first emigrant to the New World, where he reached the United States in 1854 and died there two years later. Maronite Patriarch - MARONITE HERITAGE "Six unexpected WW1 battlegrounds". "[84], Maronite Deacon Soubhi Makhoul, administrator for the Maronite Exarchate in Jerusalem, has said "The Maronites are Arabs, we are part of the Arab world. "The Lebanese population is not what it once was. On Sunday, Caretaker Prime Minister Najib Mikati also called for the international community to work with Lebanon to return Syrian refugees, warning that otherwise, "Lebanon will have a situation that is not desirable for Western countries, which is to work to get the Syrians out of Lebanon by legal means, by strictly applying Lebanese laws. We won't rent or sell your information, and you can unsubscribe at any time. "[24], Parliament speaker Nabih Berri said that al-Rahi's "comments in Paris protect Lebanon from danger and I agree with what he stated and affirm his vision that is rooted in both a religious and national background" and that "If the situation further deteriorated in Syria and we reached a more radical rule than the current rule, like the rule of the Muslim Brotherhood, Christians there would pay the price, either in the form of killings or displacement. The monastery on the Orontes was destroyed and 500 monks executed. Clergy slammed for visit to Hezbollah 'museum' in Lebanon - analysis [29], In November 2017, the patriarch visited Saudi Arabia to meet King Salman, to become the first Maronite Patriarch to visit the kingdom. [20] Christianity in Lebanon has a long and continuous history. The patriarch called for the Lebanese government to hold talks on the matter with the Palestinian Authority, Arab League, United Nations and other major countries on resettling the refugees to countries that are "capable of accommodating them demographically and ensuring a dignified human and social life for them. The patriarch led his people in combat, and after a number of engagements, the Maronites won a decisive victory at Amioun, in Mount Lebanon. Cardinal Bechara Ra Maronite Patriarch of Antioch and All the East said that he supports the implementation of the Arab Peace Initiative that was formulated in the 2002 Arab League Beirut Summit, and was the basis for the recent peace agreements between Arab countries and Israel. Muslim Arab nationalists backed by Gamel Abdel Nasser tried to overthrow the then Maronite dominated government in power, due to displeasure at the government's pro-western policies and their lack of commitment and duty to the so-called "Arab brotherhood" by preferring to keep Lebanon away from the Arab League and the political confrontations of the Middle East. Territory and statistics Maronite Patriarchs - MARONITE HERITAGE [73], Among leaders of the movement, Etienne Saqr, Said Akl, Charles Malik, Camille Chamoun, and Bachir Gemayel have been notable names, some going as far as voicing anti-Arab views. They are still around half a million. 011 930 9 961+ 501 933 9 961+ . The National. Archbishop Paul Gallagher said the pope could visit the country at the beginning of next year.. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). "We commend and cherish all the official and popular Lebanese stances that reject all Zionist projects and plots targeting the Lebanese and Palestinian arenas, and we reiterate that the Palestinian refugees in Lebanon are guests in this country, who demand their natural right to live in freedom and dignity, in accordance with international conventions, and they reject all projects of deportation and resettlement, and they always look forward to returning to their cities and villages, from which they were displaced by the Zionist occupation," said Hamas. ", The Hamas movement expressed outrage at al-Rahi's statements on Monday, saying the movement considers that his statements "do not reflect the depth of the strong relationship that brings together the Lebanese and Palestinian national and popular political forces.". The Maronite perseverance led to their existence even to today. "[22] President Michel Suleiman said that "the Patriarch is not in need of anyone to defend him and his positions emanate from his central role as a person in charge of Lebanon's and the Middle East's Christians and that of Lebanon's independence and sovereignty;"[23] and that "the patriarch does not need to be defended, and his stances represent his way of taking responsibility for Lebanon's Christians. [2] In 1975, he received a PhD in canon and civil law. The French passed through it yet it remained Lebanese. [20] Some Maronites wish to identify as Arab Christians. Presidential deadlock in Lebanon: Maronite Patriarch visits France The pope hosted a day of prayer for Lebanon at the Vatican. Lebanon's Maronite Patriarch Bechara Boutros al-Rahi called on Saturday for the deportation and resettlement of Palestinian refugees with the help of the international community, stressing that Lebanon must consider its own national interests. A Vatican official confirmed in June that the pope intended to visit Lebanon once it successfully formed a government, adding that the trip could take place at the beginning of next year. | - Bkerki [30] Many Phoenician pagans became Maronite Christians. The three mutually recognize each other as holding authentic patriarchates. The stinky winds of Arabism blow through it, but the wind will wither away and Lebanon will remain Lebanese. Church of the Summer Residence of the Maronite Patriarch, Diman Fullscreen info Hotspot text! [69][70][71] Syriac remains the liturgical language of the Maronite Church. Maronite Patriarch Cardinal al Rahi: We know the killer, and this is These are the conditions for the message country, as it was called by Pope John Paul II, to continue to bear its witness. The Lebanese Druze also persecuted the Maronites, and massacred in excess of 20,000 of them in the mid-1800s. As of 2012, there were 232,000 baptized. The Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Joubb, Sarba and Jounieh is the eparchy of Maronite patriarch. The Maronites (Arabic: ; Syriac: ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group[13][14][15][16][17] native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant region of the Middle East, whose members traditionally belong to the Maronite Church, with the largest concentration long residing near Mount Lebanon in modern Lebanon. 1 May 2022: 3rd Week Resurrection. Beshara al-Rahi, the Maronite patriarch of Antioch and all the East, appealed Wednesday for an international conference on Lebanon to help the country overcome its political and economic crisis. Home - MARONITE HERITAGE Maronite Patriarchs - Kobayat While it was at the height of its wealth and power, the Archbishop of Cologne (who ruled over the city) demanded greater taxes. [26] [27] History Maronite villagers building a church in the region of Mount Lebanon, 1920s. Maronite Patriarch Urges International Conference on Lebanon The government is run by a coalition of Christian, Muslim, and Druze parties, but the president is always Maronite (see Lebanese National Pact). Here I would reiterate how essential it is that those in power choose finally and decisively to work for true peace and not for their own interests. The area's inhabitants renamed the Adonis River the Abraham River after Saint Abraham preached there. Lebanon: Its Stand in History Among the Near East Countries, "Coalition of American Assyrians and Maronites Rebukes Arab American Institute", "Our Lady of Lebanon Maronite Catholic Church", "Notes on the Question of Lebanese Nationalism", "Lebanon: The family business 31 May 09 Part 4", "The Joint Statement Issued from the First Meeting of the Patriarchs of the Syriac Churches", "The vote of confidence debate final session | Ya Libnan | World News Live from Lebanon", "Maronite Christians Seek To Revive Aramaic Language", https://www.m-central.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Fact-Sheet-Maronite-Aramaic-Xians-2015.pdf, "Lebanon's dispossessed come home: Robert Fisk in Damour on the scars", "Lebanon's Legacy of Political Violence: A Mapping of Serious Violations of International Human Rights and Humanitarian Law in Lebanon, 1975-2008", "Cyprus Maronites battle to preserve rare ancestral language", Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Palestine, Our Lady of Mt. Hardy martial mountaineers, the Maronites valiantly preserved their liberty and folkways. We cant manage anymore., Ra at the Chair of Saint Peter, 11 October 2014, Rahi lies on his hands on Maurizio Malvestiti during his episcopal ordination as Cardinals Sandri and Mller observe, 11 October 2014, Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura, Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants, Pontifical Council for Social Communications, "Election of the Maronite Patriach (sic) history", "Naharnet Lebanon's leading news destination", "Code of Canons of Oriental Churchs Canon 76 2", "Letter of His Holiness Benedict XVI to His Beatitude Bchara Boutros Ra, Patriarch of Antioch for Maronites Accepting His Request for Ecclesiastical Communion", "Annuncio di Concistoro per la Creazione di Sei Nuovi Cardinali", "No Arab in the running for Pope, but Maronite to get vote for first time", "Rescriptum of the Holy Father Francis ", "New papal appointments reflect pope's wish for transparency", "Pope, making new cardinals, hears Iraqi tell of martyrs", "Maronite patriarch pledges to work with Muslims", "Lebanon's Shiite-Maronite Alliance of Hypocrisy", "Mikati reassured after meeting with Rai", "Suleiman said Rai doesn't need to be defended", "Berri: Rai's views on Syria help protect Lebanon", "Aoun: Assad will not fall, Hariri at fault on maritime debacle", "Violence turning Arab Spring into winter", "Lebanese Maronite Patriarch Visits Israel, First Since 1948", "Saudi King Salman receives Maronite Patriarch Bechara Boutros al-Rahi", "Thousands rally to support Lebanon's Patriarch call for an international conference", "Suleiman Grants al-Rahi Order of Cedar, Urges Officials to Attend Dialogue", "Suite de la visite en France du patriarche maronite", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bechara_Boutros_al-Rahi&oldid=1154132043, Titular Bishop of Caesarea Philippi (19861990), This page was last edited on 10 May 2023, at 13:13. Lebanons currency has plummeted in 2021. Demonstrators gather during a protest to express solidarity with the Palestinian people, in Adaisseh village near the Lebanese-Israeli border, southern Lebanon May 15, 2021. Let there be an end to the few profiting from the sufferings of many. The Lebanese used to live with dignity, they were not dependent on anybody. It stands out for not saying it is an Islamic stateThe closest thing to democracy [in the Arab world] is Syria."[28]. Mass emigration to the Americas at the outset of the 20th century, famine during World War I that killed an estimated one third to one half of the population, the 1860 Mount Lebanon civil war and the Lebanese Civil War between 1975-90 greatly decreased their numbers in the Levant; however Maronites today form more than one quarter of the total population of modern-day Lebanon. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [1][non-primary source needed][bettersourceneeded] From 1967 to 1975 he was responsible for the Arabic programs of Vatican Radio. [60] The 2017 Annuario Pontificio reported that 10,000 people belonged to the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Haifa and the Holy Land and 504 people belonged to the Exarchate of Jerusalem and Palestine. On 18 March 2015, al-Rahi became the sole cardinal-elector from the order of cardinal-bishops when Cardinal Naguib turned 80. [75], In opposition to such views, Arabism was affirmed at the March 1936 Congress of the Coast and Four Districts, when the Muslim leadership at the conference made the declaration that Lebanon was an Arab country, indistinguishable from its Arab neighbors. After visiting a monastery outside the city on his way to Jaffa, al-Rahi joined the Pope again in the afternoon for Mass at Jerusalem's Cenacle. Under the rule of the Ottoman Turks, the Maronites maintained their religion and customs under the protection of France, largely because of their geographic isolation. Also do not remain silent about the failure of the political class, nor about the chaos of the investigation into the port crime, nor about the politicization of the judiciary, nor about illegal and non-Lebanese weapons, nor about the coup against the state and the regime. Aside from this they were isolated from most of the world for much of the end of the millennium. The Maronite Syriac Church of Antioch traces its foundation to Maron, an early 4th-century Syriac monk venerated as a saint. [52], After the 1860 massacres, many Maronites fled to Egypt. [8], A Maronite community of about 11,000 people lives in Israel. The Maronite Church is an Eastern Catholic Church in full communion with the worldwide Catholic Church . And this is a message to the Lebanese, that we must form a government so that everyone can gather to revive Lebanon with our friends, Lebanese politician Saad Hariri said after a private meeting with the pope in April. Patriarch - Maronites Church On Tuesday 2 June, Maronite Patriarch Bechara Boutros Rai took part in the inaugural meeting for the launch of the agricultural training project "Land of Your Treasure", launched by the "Green Lebanon Club" Association and reserved for young people interested in developing agricultural production initiatives. [76], In general it appears that Muslims focus more on the Arab identity of the Lebanese history and culture whereas the Christian communitiesespecially the Maronites, focus on their history and struggles as an ethnoreligious group as distinct from Arab identity and the Arab world, while also reaffirming the Lebanese identity, as well as refraining from Arab characterization as it would deny them their striving achievement of having fended off the Arabs and Turks physically, culturally, and spiritually since their conception. A definitive consolidation of the union, however, did not come until the 16th century, brought about largely through the work of the Jesuit John Eliano. [62], According to the Annuario Pontificio, 66,495 belonged to the Apostolic Exarchate of West and Central Africa (Nigeria) in 2017.[56]. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Due to this heritage, the Maronite patriarch is generally regarded as a national patriot by Lebanese from all confessions. In 1948 we welcomed the Palestinian refugees. He repeated this call in 2022, during a conversation with Thomas Heine-Geldern, head of Aid to the Church in Need. ", Referring to the Palestinian demand for a "right of return" to the area once under the British Mandate of Palestine, Al-Rahi stated that "everyone" has disavowed the "right of return," adding "Israel not only rejects the return of the refugees but daily displaces the Palestinians residing in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. He also called for an international conference to solve Lebanese issues:[31]. Finally, we must declare the positive neutrality of Lebanon. The seat of the patriarchate is Bkerk in Keserwan District in Lebanon. Maronites, however, assert that they were always orthodox Christians in union with the Roman see, noting a lack of evidence that the Maronite church had ever affirmed this teaching. He attended Collge Notre Dame de Jamhour, a Jesuit school in Lebanon. Patriarchal See of Antioch, Lebanon (Maronite Rite) - GCatholic.org The immediate spiritual head of the Maronite church after the pope is the patriarch of Antioch and all the East, residing in Bikirk, near Beirut. As a result of this incident, the Maronites achieved formal autonomy within the Ottoman Empire under a nonnative Christian ruler. Cardinal al-Rahi's attire during the opening day was distinct from most of the other electors in that he wore all-red vestments with distinct headgear proper to the Maronite Church. "[28], Although Christianity existed in Roman Phoenice since the time of the Apostles, Christians were a minority among the majority pagans by the time Emperor Theodosius I issued The Edict of Thessalonica in 380 AD. St John Maron (Youhanna Maroun), the 1st Maronite Patriarch. Other common names are Sarkis (Sergius) and Bakhos (Bacchus), while others are common both among Christians and Muslims, such as Youssef (Joseph), Ibrahim (Abraham), and Maryam (Mary). [67][68] Before the conquest by Arabian Muslims reached Lebanon, the Lebanese people, including those who would become Muslim and the majority who would remain Christian, spoke a dialect of Aramaic called Syriac. Nearly half of all Palestinian refugees in Lebanon live in overcrowded, unsanitary refugee camps. BEIRUT As Lebanon spirals toward collapse without a functioning government in place, Cardinal Bechara Rai, the Maronite Catholic patriarch, is on a mission to save his country. English: Bergheim is a city in Germany, located 20 km west of Cologne. [8] The community historically spoke Cypriot Maronite Arabic,[58][59] but today Cypriot Maronites speak the Greek language, with the Cypriot government designating Cypriot Maronite Arabic as a dialect. [44] By the 17th century, the Maronites had developed a strong natural liking for Europe particularly France. Whatever the case, the history of the Maronites remains obscure up until the period of the Crusades, and the isolated community had not been in contact with Rome before the Crusaders arrived. Cardinal . [77][78], Lebanese Maronites are known to be specifically linked to the root of Lebanese Nationalism and opposition to Pan-Arabism in Lebanon, this being the case during 1958 Lebanon crisis.
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